POLITICS DEFINITION
Etymologically, politics comes from the Greek word polis meaning city or city-state. Then
it evolved into a sense of meaning citizens Polites, politeia which
means all related to the state, which means that politics and state
government politikos meaningful citizenship.Aristotle
(384-322 BC) can be regarded as the first to introduce the word through
his observations about human politics that he called zoon politikon. With
the term she wanted to clarify that the nature of political and social
life is the interaction between two or more people are bound to involve
political relations. Aristotle
saw politics as a natural tendency of human beings and can not be
avoided, such as when he tries to determine his position in society,
when he tried to achieve personal well-being, and when he tried to
persuade others to accept his views. Aristotle
concluded that the ability of individuals and businesses to achieve
higher forms of social life is through political interaction with other
people. Interactions that occur within an institution designed to resolve social conflicts and establish state goals. Thus
the word indicates a aspects of political life, the political life of
commonly understood as life-related aspects with the elements of power:
the state (state), power (power), decision making (decision making),
policy (policy, a regulation ), and division (distribution) or allocation (allocation).In
general it can be said that politics (politics) is a variety of
activities in a political system (or the state) relating to the process
of determining the goals of the system and carry out those goals. Decision
making (decision making) as to whether the objectives of the political
system that involves a selection of some alternatives and preparation of
priority goals have been. While
to carry out the purposes it is necessary to determine the general
policies (public policies) concerning the regulation and distribution
(distribution) or allocation (allocation) of resources (resources) that
exist. To
be actively carrying out these policies, needs to have power (power)
and authority (authority) which will be used both to foster cooperation
and to resolve conflicts that may arise in the process. The ways that used to be convincing (persuasive) and if need be force (coercion). Without coercion, policy formulation was merely a desire (statement of intent) alone.Politics is an attempt or a way to obtain something desired. But there are many who think that politics is not only about power within the state or actions undertaken by state authorities. In
some aspects of life, people frequently perform political acts, either
trade politics, culture, social, as well as in other aspects of life. Thus politics always involves the goals of the whole society (public goals) and not personal purposes (private goals). Concerning political activities of various groups, including political parties and personal activities (people).Political sense of the scientists:Johan
Kaspar Bluntschli in The Theory of the State: "Politics is the science
of watching the affairs of state, with the fight for understanding and
understanding of the state and circumstances, basic properties, in
various forms or manifestations of development." (The science is
concerned roomates with
the state, roomates endeavor to understand and comprehend the state in
its conditions, in its essentials nature, in its various forms or
manifestations development).Roger F. Soltau
in his book Introduction to Politics: "Political Science studying the
state, the state goals and the institutions that will carry out that
purpose; relationship between the state and its citizens as well as with
other countries." (Political science is the study of the state, its
aims and purposes ... the institutions by roomates these are going to
be Realized, its relations with its individual members, and other states
...).J. Barents
in his book Science Politika: "Political science is the study of
country life ... which is a part of people's lives, studying political
science states that in carrying out his duties."Joyce
Mitchell in his book Political Analysis and Public Policy: "Politics is
the collective decision-making or public policy for the entire
community." (Politics is collective decision making or the making of
public policies for an entire society).Harold D. Lasswell and A. Kaplan
in the book Power Society: "Political Science studying the formation
and distribution of power", and in the book Who gets What, When and How,
Lasswell asserted that "politics is the issue of who, gets what, when
and how."W.A. Robson
in The University Teaching of Social Sciences: "Political Science
studying power in society, ... the true nature, basic, processes, scope
and results. The
focus of attention ... a political scientist focused on the struggle to
achieve or maintain power, exercise the powers or influence over
others, or oppose the implementation of the rule. "(Political science is
concerned with the study of power in society ... its nature, bases,
processes ,
scope and results. The focus of interest of the political scientist ...
centers on the struggle to gain or retain power, to exercise the power
of influence over the other, or to resist that exercise).Karl W. Duetch
in the book Politics and Government: How People Decide Their Fate:
"Politics is a decision-making through public facilities." (Politics is
the making of a decision by public means).David
Easton in The Political System: "Political science is the study of the
formation of public policy." He said "Political life includes a variety
of activities that affect the policy of the authorities is accepted by a
society and that influence how to implement that policy. We
participate in political life if we have anything to do with the
activity of making and implementing policy for a society. "(Political
life concerns all those varieties of activity that influence the kind of
authoritative Significantly Adopted policy for a society and the way it
is put into practice. We
are said to be participating in the political life when our activity
relates in some way to the making and execution of policy for a
society).Ossip K. Flechtheim
in the book Fundamentals of Political Science: "Political science is a
social science devoted to learning the nature and purpose of the state
as far as the state is an organization of power, along with the nature
and purpose of the other symptoms that unofficial rule, which can affect
the state." (Political science
is that specialized social science that studies the nature and purpose
of the state so far as it is a power organization and the nature and
purpose of other unofficial power phenomena that are apt to influence
the state).Noer
in the book Introduction to Political Thought, "Political Science
focusing on the problem of power in the common life or society. Life like this is not limited to purely legal, nor is the country that grows in relatively recent human history. Outside the field of law as well as before state exists, the power problem had been there anyway. Only in modern times that power is indeed closely linked to the state. "Kosasih
Djahiri in the book Politics and the State: "Political science is seen
as the core of political power spawned a number of theories on how to
acquire and exercise the powers. Actually,
every individual can not be separated from power, because a person or
group of people affected may show behavior as desired by a person or
party influence. "Wirjono
Projodikoro stating that "The nature of politics is the most important
use of power by a group of community members to other drug classes. In
political science there is always a power or force. "Idrus Affandi
defines:" Political science is the study of the living human body
regularly and have the same goal in state bonds. "There are still a lot of understanding about politics and political science delivered or experts. But
from the already quoted would be understood that politics is
theoretically cover the overall principles and characteristics of the
country without discussing the activities and objectives to be achieved
the state. While
in practice, studying political state as an institution that moves with
the functions and specific objectives (the state as a dynamic
institution).
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